Minecraft; Pokimane; Halo Infinite; Call of Duty: Warzone; Path of Exile;. too many mobs, players moving/updating, redstone happening) and cannt process everything fast. 8. MC is very CPU intensive in terms of generation. This is an important distinction. 0 alpha, with tile stealing, as expected GPU+CPU improves the speed dramatically, typically by about 30%, though it's very. "sodium. 1. Limit Frame Rate. From the 1. 正确设置CPU大小核心分配，游戏帧数你说了算！. I definitely know increasing and decreasing. . The CPU is the most crucial hardware component for rendering. For each frame that you can pre-render and render, the CPU has to create a command buffer. I use the Sodium mod for Fabric API MC for newer post 1. My client won't render further than 32. Advanced Video Settings: In the “Video Settings” menu, find. Use a world border. Now this upper limit is 255. It determines the server-side viewing distance. 1: yes random tick speed increse will affect performance the higher you put it, your games calculating more happening in a shorter space of time. 8GHz Intel Core i5-6260U Processor (dual-core, 3MB cache, up to 2. Best Minecraft settings for optimum performance Minecraft with Optifine HD (Image credits: Reddit) Resolution: 1920×1080@144 (24 bit) Biome Blend: OFF (Fastest) Graphics: Fast. Also, if you can download Optifine that will help. 1. Zero corresponds to "Ultra low latency" in nVidia control panel and it is recommended to minimize input lag, at the price of a reduced framerate. I get that the last case is bottleneck. Since said update, I get at least 15 more FPS in whatever situation ingame. TheMasterCaver's First World - possibly the most caved-out world in Minecraft history. 1" they have raised OpenGL performance by up to 92%, even for really old cards. That's all!How much CPU does a Minecraft server use? Win NT/2K/XP Requirements Players CPU Minimum 1-2 Intel Pentium 4 2. Obviously this is way over the batch limit. How to achieve those FPS GAINZ: Lower graphics settings, like render distance etc. 30 (the latest release as of the publishing of this. So, basically, lower value = "less input lag but more laggy image" and visa versa. . Open the " user. The server will lag heavily while the process is running, but once it is done your performance will improve dramatically. First, try refreshing chunks in your world. AMD Ryzen 3 3200G for a mean Minecraft server. performance (FPS) will vary depending on specs. I did some searching to understand it better, but I've got a wicked headache so I haven't been able to wrap my head around it. On matter, top -c shows 50% CPU usage after the command has been typed, and then raises back to 80%. A game of this visual fidelity should not run as poorly as it does when much more visually impressive games can run at higher and more consistent frame rates. exe, and javaSEBinary; Monitoring CPU thread usage; My specs: CPU: Ryzen 9. But maybe you can change your powermode to high performance. It also handles all the pre-rendering, which is essential for rendering. GPU (Integrated): Intel HD Graphics 4000 (Ivy Bridge) or AMD Radeon R5 series (Kaveri line) with OpenGL 4. Now this upper limit is 255. Honestly, this DOES help. I tried disabling every resourcepack and running minecraft with only sodium installed, I tried changing every possible setting, I tried reinstalling GPU drivers but nothing helped. Minecraft > Install > runtime > jre-x64 > bin > javaw. It uses OpenGL display lists (one per render-chunk) as an older. I do think that 'Normal' render-distance should be renamed to 'Terrible' or 'Horrendous', as playing at such a low render is like being blindfolded. Remii: Intel® Core™ i9-9900K Octa-Core (The BEST CPU for big static server currently) 1. There is really no way to make Minecraft use your. Within NVIDIA Control Panel do not use VSync, set that to Application Preferred. It takes a bit to set up a server, but once you learn how it really speeds up the. My fps 130-100 always changing. CPU: i7-9750H at turbo capped to 3. Large render distances: The render distance, or the distance at which objects are visible in-game, can have a significant impact on CPU usage. 85 35. Sodium √ . dual core or not its a relatively new cpu and vega integrated. jandelin • 2 yr. 14. CPU Render-Ahead Limit. 9 ( forge ) and 1. DX11 and Futrure Frame rendring on CPU usage around 80 90 % GPU USAGE 100% = exactly. You need a beefy computer to play minecraft at 32 chunks. 3. In our test. Mob spawners, redstone, animals & mobs in general, can cause a lot of lag. Move the file into your BFV game directory (<drive<:Program Files (x86)Origin GamesBattlefield V) Test. Anyone have an idea what the optimal render distance should be for. So you will be bouncing off that CPU limit the whole time. Command /motionblur <percent> - to change the strength of blur *NOTICE: if you feel lags when using this mod with sodium installed, please set Video settings->advanced->CPU Render-Ahead Limit to 6 or above . 2 ~55 Minigame Server with 18 filled Slots. This game was """behind""" visually in 2011, on release. many frames it is allowed to render into the framebuffer before. 1 I can't answer because I only play Bedrock edition on Xbox, but, maybe you can see it for yourself. 85 35. Render distance: 2. RenderDragon是用于基岩版和教育版的基于DirectX和OpenGL ES开发的全新渲染引擎。 RenderDragon作为视觉效果和性能的提升的一部分，具有高亮方块边缘和新的光照引擎等特性，同时也支持光线追踪。RenderDragon支持一系列图形设备功能，取决于其性能。 RenderDragon尽管对部分设备有性能提升的效果，但同时也. Other games run at a stable fps and I didn't have a problem before. Optimizers like sodium help alot tho. GPU (Discrete): Nvidia GeForce 400 Series or AMD Radeon HD 7000 series with OpenGL 4. Reducing render distance will reduce the number of assets your PC has to render. From there, select “Video Settings” as you did in the previous step. I play on Minecraft versions 1. AT the very least, OptiFine has been having issues for me since 1. Already have an account? What would Rendered Entity Limit be? Essentially, it would set a cap to the amount of entities rendered at once, possibly including things like block entities. I have tried: - allocating more RAM (initially 4GB, allocated 8, 16, 24, 28. In Blender 2. 30 and higher; Deprecated "minecraft:mining_speed" in json formats 1. Next, click Server Settings. CPU: Ryzen 9 7950X; Below is a graph detailing light update times for a simple glowstone place/break: Tested via LightBench on 1. I have an AMD Ryzen 9 5900HX with radeon graphics 3. Reading the graph is pretty. RAM: G-Skill Ripjaws F4-3600C18Q-64GVK 64GB (4x16GB) - Not on QVL. You may have never heard of this, but lighting can bring about tons of performance issues in Minecraft, mostly due to how lighting is rendered. This is because Minecraft can be hella laggy when you use both your cpu and gpu to load chunks. The result is a simple yet fully functional 64-bit CPU with 32 registers, 32kB main memory and a separate 16kB stack. Premium Powerups Explore Gaming. NaiNonTH. all get the same FPS) - turning up and down render resolution, all give same FPS and stuttering. This lowers input lag by a whole 15ms. Edit - Do note that I got the i7-12700k - not sure how much difference, if any it would make to these stats. So basically, the xmx is your maximum RAM your allocating and your xms is the minimum ram it should use. Likely dependant on the GPU limitations, either way. The timings support the issue being storage, but the actual CPU may only support in the ballpark of 5 players. However, in most graphics APIs (DX11, DX12, Vulkan, etc) the number of frames that the CPU render submission thread can run ahead is limited. 3 years ago. @ariosos This isn't completely helpful but yer playing a heavily modded pack with a cpu from 2011. 18 mod version 0. Of course it only makes. ) you might have al. make sure you limit your fps too, instead of having it on unlimited, it'll be more stable and don't go putting your render distance to max. Check your Maximum Pre-Rendered Frames in Nvidia Control Panel. > Video Settings. Ryzen 7 5800X3D + RTX 3070 FE. 2 GHz / AMD A8-7600 APU 3. You will still see huge lag spikes when teleporting to new worlds and such and aswell most servers max rendering distance is 16 chunks anyway at most. Guide to fix high CPU usage on Windows 10. I have set my UEFI settings to default, and removed the Armoury Crate software along with the many small bits of software it also installed. Ngoài Render Distance thì trong phần Video Setting của. A good trick is look for values between 1 and 3 (it can be 0 too, but i've yet to see it default to that); Typically it'll be 2. What cpu do you currently have and does it sit at a high usage percentage whilst the actual gpu render is in progress (i mean not the pre-/post postprocessing stage)? Btw most people with a decent gpu stick with gpu rendering except maybe when the scene would exceed the vram limit, then rendering with just cpu can help. Java Edition - Minecraft Wiki - Fandom. It just helps the CPU render the frame. 12 versions and it has increased my fps quite well ( from about 40 to solid 60 on VSync ). At 1080p, with render distance of 20 I get between 65 and 90 fps. After reading that write-up regarding FFR (Future Frame Rendering), my understanding is that a forcing the setting to 1 in the control panel "disables" FFR (since the CPU always has to pre-render at least 1 frame). 这通常会大大减少块和实体渲染的cpu开销，但会使诊断一些错误和崩溃变得更加困难。 只有当你被要求这样做或知道自己在做什么时，你才应该禁用它。 CPU Render-Ahead Limit: 9 Frame(s) Before closing out of Settings, don't forget to hit the "Apply" button at the bottom of your screen! Lunar Client Settings 3/5 RenderDragon是用于基岩版和教育版的基于DirectX和OpenGL ES开发的全新渲染引擎。 RenderDragon作为视觉效果和性能的提升的一部分，具有高亮方块边缘和新的光照引擎等特性，同时也支持光线追踪。RenderDragon支持一系列图形设备功能，取决于其性能。 RenderDragon尽管对部分设备有性能提升的效果，但同时也. 18 mod FPS settings for more fps on low end PCs, laptops & devices on Minecraft Java 1. 4 and 1. optifine x Not exactly. i just find it odd that 33 exactly is the point where optifine amounts start and it crashes there. The other asked my CPU and pointed it is a good GPU, only for, again, point out that therefore, what bottlenecks my render distance is not it, but the GPU. Intel Core i7-10700K for showing off for CPU. My specs: CPU: i7 2600k. aorus x570 ultra 2. Set OpenJDK to Above Normal priority in Task Manager. gpuOptimization=true”. $egingroup$ Hm, VSE rendering was always a single-threaded task, I doubt they change it for 2. I'm just making sure that I won't fry my CPU and that all will be well, thanks!BFBC2 Render Ahead Limit. İ playing 1080p 144hz Ultra. 19. Really only the Ryzen 7000 series and Intel 13th generation is faster (per core. Simulation-distance that you can either set to 7 or 8 as well or add 1 from your view-distance. How to get 200 FPS in Minecraft? Download the OptiFine mod from the official website. With over 800 million mods downloaded every month and over 11 million active monthly users, we are a growing community of avid gamers, always on the hunt for the next thing in user-generated content. The client has a hard visibility limit of 128 blocks horizontally, defining another circular column. Among these, the most. (to run 32 render distance you need to allocate more ram for MC) My fps is in the hundreds constantly but I use vsync so its usually 60 and drops to the high 40's-50''s sometimes. Measuring CPU usage also isn't as simple as one would think. bat. Even newer versions of Minecraft do not use more than 200-300 MB of memory unless you are using extreme render distances (over 16; the game doesn't even let you go over that unless you allocate 2 GB or use Optifine, which ignores this limit), HD resource packs (and even that is debatable), or memory-inefficient mods. Nhiều cấu trúc không bị mất khung. AMD Ryzen 5 5600X for an overpowered machine. $endgroup$ –Minecraft, particularly modded Minecraft, is extremely reliant on CPU power. Tree Puncher. 2 Answers. Navigate to Manage 3D Settings and then Program Settings. In reality, there is overlap with the render queue, but. options. Post your userbenchmark run, and a 3Dmark Timespy run. 0 GHz or AMD Athlon XP 2000+ and better Acceptable 3-5 Intel Core-Based CPUs or AMD K8-Based CPUs and better Recommended 5-7 Intel Core-Based CPUs or AMD K8-Based CPUs at 3. "Maximum pre-rendered frames" will allow your CPU to prep more frames ahead of time. This is. Reply replyVDOM DHTML tml>. Yer gpu drivers are also very outdated if that matters at all. . I am setting up a 1. txt, the maxfps says 260 when I set the slider to unlimited. exe/javaw. The maximum value is the same as for render distance: 32 for 64-bit Java installations with at least 1 gigabyte of memory, and 16 in all other cases. You can use a lower queue if your CPU is good and the game isn't too demanding on the CPU - default is 3, lowest in DX is 1. . , the minimum value of simulation distance is 5. I based the naming upon the titles that Minecraft itself gives each render-distance. Here, select the Services and select the server you wish to adjust. So if i were to benchmark tbe two setups in minecraft would i notice a fps difference, also the seagate hdd was banged a little a while back, the laptop was. Press Ctrl + Shift + Esc to open Task Manager. Head to the Program Settings section and allow Nvidia GPU for Minecraft. In addition to the render settings, various other graphic details can be tweaked or dialed back in order to improve performance and framerate in Minecraft. One of the biggest arguements for changing the Prerender Limit is Oblivion. R7 3700x. 9 GB. Vì vậy, bất kỳ khi nào bạn muốn tăng số FPS Minecraft vì cảm thấy giật, lag, hãy thử giảm Render Distance. 7 Step 3: Start Up The Minecraft Launcher. Turn down your render and simulation distances. however large redstone projects will cause localized (but serverwide) lag when someone is nearby and have those chunks loaded. CPU clock speed can affect in-game FPS, because the more cycles per-second, the more game instructions it can process each second. Dynamic lighting should be set to fast as well since it defaults to real time! I HIGHLY. When I'm encoding HEVC or VP9 I can tell that my system is being stressed more heavily than with x264 because the fan speed and noise levels are a bit higher (and also due to the noticable slowdown in other tasks while. Microsoft doesn't implement triple buffering in DirectX, they implement render ahead (from 0 to 8 frames with 3 being the default). RTX 2060, 2700x, 16gb, fast settings, render distance 20 Help Archived post. Close background programs/don’t have a lot of browser tabs open in the background. net • 2 yr. On the next window, remove the checkmark from All Processors and select only CPU 1, 2 & 3. A lot of admins are still used to the old terminology and assume simulation distance when render distance is mentioned. 8GHz. 3 introduced support for Intel’s Arc, it’s suggested that the latest drivers be used for the best experience in it and 3. FPS between 70/85. Lunar Client is always kept up to date with the latest Minecraft versions, meaning that you will always have the latest features and bug fixes. Create a empty Text file on your Desktop. Java 17. It plays a crucial role in determining the smoothness of your gameplay and can greatly impact your overall gaming experience. - This setting selects the number of frames which are rendered ahead and held in buffer for the. Some games would have the CPU render two or more frames ahead like CP2077, and others force Vsync on at all times (Skyrim SE, any game in borderless window mode) and as a result these values can double or triple render latency if you hit your refresh rate My monitor is overclocked to run 4K 70Hz, which maths out as 14. Do settings like render distance,. With MPRF 1, the CPU will only run ahead of the GPU by 1 frame, so only 1 frame of input lag. i play on 32 chunk render distance max graphics settings all the time. You'll also need Windows 10, of course—and it's probably best to go with the latest 1909 build, aka the. We would recommend avoiding a view-distance higher than 10. Naturally, lower values result in higher frame rates. 18. With a i7-7700 I can run with a Max Pre-rendered. So then I looked to see if I was having a CPU bottleneck and CPU usage was only 10. Phosphor. Step -From the left menu, click on Manage 3D Settings, then select the Global Settings tab and select the High-performance NVidia processor from the drop-down menu. /lagg gc - Attempts to free RAM. While Minecraft may be heavily cpu bound, loading up the cores will reduce clock speed to help keep thermals under control (unless, of course, you set the core multiplier or run at a set freqency). More then that tends to make the game run slower regardless due to garbage collection. The CPU prepares next frame(s) ahead of the GPU, while GPU is busy rendering the current one. Limit the render distance. 4: simulation distance again higher will have more impact. (see Render distance) 10 is the default/recommended. 不会用process的快来补课，我不允许你们任何一台电脑卡顿，【电脑优化】大幅度提升电脑性能，让CPU睿频起飞的方法. 767. This can make things smoother, but at the cost of latency. Even with the best cpus out right now 64 chunks is still too hard for single threaded performance. CPU usage 50-100%. Navigate to the Global Settings and select High-performance Nvidia processor using the drop-down menu. You should probably look into why your CPU usage is so high. @OP You're going to be hard-pressed to run a server on a raspberry pi 4-b, you would need to reduce some of the default settings (chunk render distance, for instance). I recently bought a prebuilt with amd ryzen 7 3700x and rtx 3070. I wanted to configure a really high end system for a friend who wants very quick render times. But if you search for information about how much RAM a Minecraft server needs the answers you get can feel, well, a little all over the map. 5 GHz (4. Method 2: Change your power plan to Balanced. minecraft is a cpu intessive game, shaders make your gpu to jump in but only when shaders are active. Check Out This Mod. It will have you change some things in the nvidia control panel. TompyGamer. 3070ti/12600k, minecraft can’t stay over 60 fps on near max settings Gpu usage doesn’t rise above 60%, cpu doesn’t rise above 20% 32gb ram installed but 2gb allocated Not a vsync/frame limit thing I don’t know much about this game but this doesn’t seem right. The maximum value is the same as for render distance: 32 for 64-bit Java installations with at least 1 gigabyte of memory, and 16 in all other cases. In general, is Minecraft more CPU or GPU dependent? - Minecraft will generally default to whichever of your parts are more powerful (CPU/GPU) Back when I was using a high end i3 and my 1080 ti GTX processor, the game ran off of my GPU and when I upgraded to a powerful i5 it started running off of that. So if your render distance is max (10 chunks) and the server's is 5 chunks, then the inner 5 chunks will be active (kept updated by the server) and the outer 5 will be inactive (loaded from terrain data stored in the local cache). As far as I can see, the problem is not from the CPU as it is reaching it's max clock speed and I don't think it's memory related because when checking the F3. Coins. If you do go down AMD, you'll need a FM2+ motherboard with the following APU (CPU + integrated GPU): PCPartPicker part list / Price breakdown by merchant. - Max Frames to Render ahead only applies when V-Sync is OFF. Add motion blur shader to Minecraft, Just like Lunar Client. Feel free to skip this part if you are more confident! Open Minecraft, and load a world you wish to render. Locate the “Simulation Distance” option. Go to the section Manage 3D Settings on the left sidebar. The upper limit can be overridden by max. What CPU is best for Minecraft? Top 5 Best CPU For Minecraft Server Products Intel Core i3-10100 for a sweet Minecraft server. 160Gbps DDoS Protection. 18, you will also have another problem due to over-allocation of RAM. If you put the settings to “On” it means that the CPU set a limit to the pre-rendered frames to 1 before sending it to the graphics card to display the picture. We retested all of the Intel Arc GPUs with the latest 31. Like Cinebench R15, Cinebench R20. I've heard that Minecraft is CPU heavy, which got me wondering why it's only at 20%, while my GPU isn't even on full load. (OVERCLOCK) 980Tİ EXTREME EDİTİON AMP 16GB RAM So. mp4), I test and compare the performances of 1. New comments cannot be posted. Open Windows' task manager, switch to advanced > performance. /lagg clear - Removes all entities on the server. Right-click your desktop, select Show more options, and then NVIDIA Control Panel. Its size equals the amount of available CPU threads minus one, but there was an upper limit of 7. 7. On a single-core processor: FPS much smoother, no more stuttering and freezes. Default of 4 pre-rendered = 10ms+30ms 4 = 130ms to render 4 frames. 30,450. (As stated here)Ở cấp độ cao nhất của bố cục game Minecraft, bạn có thể đặt độ phân giải, hiệu ứng đổ bóng, khung hình phù hợp và thậm chí chơi được trên nhiều địa hình. That's a lot of data to load from the drive, store in memory,. Reduce Render Distance: Render distance refers to the maximum distance that the game will render and display objects, such as trees, buildings, and other. Ive got a 3700x with a 5700 evoke oc model ( both stock settings ) and 16 gb ( 2x 8gb) 3600mhz ram sticks ( tforce nightforce ) I get up to 400 fps with optifine and 90 ish with shaders. Overclocking boosts the speed of a processor beyond its factory defaults, pushing your Minecraft FPS even higher. This is why I use Lithium as well as Sodium as long as there's no conflicting mods, because it can improve performance by around 5-10% on most. Move your player to the location of what you wish to render, and ensure that you are facing the right direction, too. Physically Based Rendering is key to Minecraft with RTX's visual overhaul. Well my CPU doesnt support multithreading so idk if that would be useful tbh. I decided to get a bit of BFBC2 in today; I use Gossamer's launcher so I can tweak a few more settings and I noticed the Render Ahead Limit. 17 and 1. exe ; Opening firewall settings for the minecraft launcher, javaw. Have them post a current version F3 screenshot. The higher MPRF is set to, the higher the input lag will be. 4. Maximum Pre-Rendered Frames: If available, this option - previously known as 'Max Frames to Render Ahead' - controls the number of frames the CPU prepares in advanced of being rendered by the GPU. I am limited to only 16 chunks for my render distance, i tried to get optifine and it is still limited, how can I fix this? (both single player and multiplayer java edition) I7-8700k @3. My system specs are as follows: OS: Win10 Pro Ver 20H2. lerokko • admin @ play. Use the Task Manager. Sorted by: 1. Below we will change a few settings. Minecraft mostly uses a single core of the CPU for chunk rendering. These include render distance, anti-aliasing, and particle render distance. But then there is the Ryzen 7 5800X3D, with its massive 96MB L3 cache, you may think it isn't pulling as far ahead as expected, and indeed it isn't since the Radeon RX 6600 used for testing is not enough to unleash the true power of this CPU - yes! an RX 6600 in Minecraft! And same holds for the GTX 1660. 4. 4. I think that point for ryzen is in the 90-95c. Now, click and open the Nvidia Control Panel. Gpu : Raedon 7500m. While Minecraft renders each block individually, a different rendering system can be used on these blocks. If an NES emulator can render a frame in 1ms (which is usually the case in modern CPUs, as they can run NES games at over 1000FPS), then you can wait for 15ms before each frame, and then read input and render it within the remaining 1. My PC had 8 gigs of ddr3 ram a gtx 960 graphics card and an fx-6300 prossesor. PSU: Silverstone ET750G 750W. If you’re looking to build a new. When the rendering finishes, the CPU seems to be stuck in 80%, at least in top -c. 7. It is the job of the fan controller to ramp up cooling so that the card can deliver maximum performance at 80c. 3: I have my entity view distance at 250, it does affect performance pending how many entities are around. All you have to do is install the plugin and run the following commands: /chunky radius 5000 followed by /chunky start. I could play Minecraft just fine on the i3 at about 70ish FPS. Sodium 1. I have a laptop with R7 5800H, 32gb 3200 DDR4 and RTX3070. ”. Render lag, or low FPS is a client-side issue. exe, and set your fps cap in-game to unlimited. ) should improve the framerate. The server resource graph is a useful tool to get a quick overview our your servers general health by displaying the approximate CPU and RAM usage while online from our control panel. A notable point made here seems to be this one: > "It is also important to consider the meaning of the setting - it is a MAXIMUM pre-rendered frames, or a render ahead LIMIT. It controls the number of frames the CPU prepares in advance of being rendered by the GPU. Repeat these steps with the latest snapshot. Try like 8 or 10 chunks. This basically only happens in infinite worlds, because in flat. Now under the option. Select Fixed then the number of threads you want used. This computer is more than capable of running minecraft. CPU 1 means the same as the option turned “off”, so the cpu only renders 1 frame before sending it to the GPU for rasterisation pipeline. It uses 5/6 Gbs of the 12 Gbs i assigned the game (it uses 5 Gbs in the menus and 6 in-game) and uses 40% CPU in the menus and 80% in-game. Even GPU I think is completely silent now (maybe CPU was sending more work to GPU, when on all cores. (Either your rtx card, or intel iris graphics). While there are clear performance issues with Minecraft 1. Here are some top tips to improve your PC performance when playing Minecraft. Allowing players to extend render distance beyond the standard limits can cause severe lag. Click Task Manager and head over to Details. Click on the Option that says Select a program to customize. So you'll never see 100% CPU usage. 640p gets the same FPS and. 19. 16. Any ideas? Update: was windows power settings Go ahead and navigate to the “Video Settings” in the “Options” menu. Setting that to Max FPS might solve your problem. Note down your average FPS. DX12 and future frame rendering ON\OFF do not make a difference. However, in most graphics APIs (DX11, DX12, Vulkan, etc) the number of frames that the CPU render submission thread can run ahead is limited. You can monitor in real time with HWinfo too. There is one bit of manual updating required, however. if its a redstone project causing issues you'd want to decrease the chunk load limit so. Method 3: Adjust Windows 10 for the best performance. (I have a ryzen3 3200G with Vega 8 gpu and 2 x 8GB 3000Mhz of ram) As you can see from the VIDEO attached, the game is really struggling.